Cryptography Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Cryptography - Research Paper Example Security requires constant and periodic changes to pace up and counter the threats that are ever increasing. We will use blowfish algorithm with the Secure Socket layer v3. Similarly, cryptography also goes with the same approach of upgrading new state of the art encryption algorithms one after another and from safe to the safest, so that it cannot be cracked. The tool utilized in this scenario is ‘keepass’ that is an open source tool for storing all the passwords in a database that is encrypted (Popov). The database can also be encrypted by blow fish (Anonymous2007, 71-71), as it incorporates no weak keys and the design is simple and understandable that supports analysis, algorithm integrity and repeatable block ciphers (Anderson. n.d). Likewise, block ciphers are 64 bits in length with variable length keys. S-boxes are dependent on large keys that are more resilient to cryptanalysis (Anderson. n.d). Moreover, permutations are key dependent with a support of diverse ope rations associated with mathematics that is integrated with XOR and addition (Anderson). For attacking the encrypted files, hacker can use many attack methods for retrieving the password files stored in the database maintained by ‘keepass’. The plaintext and cipher text methods of attacks incorporates a cryptanalyst that has an access to plaintext and the conforming cipher text and pursues to find association in between the two. Whereas, a cipher text is associated with an attack in which cryptanalyst is accessible to cipher text and do not have access to conforming plaintext. Hacker can use generic ciphers such as Caesar, frequency analysis for cracking the cipher on mission critical system. Moreover, hacker can also use a plaintext and chosen cipher text attack for retrieving the passwords. This type of attack incorporates a cryptanalyst that is capable of encrypting a plaintext of choice and examines the results of cipher text. This type of attack is most generic for asymmetric cryptography, as the hacker can gain public key via cryptanalyst. The hacker can also choose cipher text attack that incorporates a cryptanalyst selecting a cipher text that seeks for a similar plaintext and decrypt oracle that is a machine for decrypting data without exposure of key. Moreover, an attack can be executed the attack on public key encryption, as it initiate with a cipher text and seeks for similar matched plaintext data available publically. Adaptive attacks (Krawczyk) can also be used, as these attacks incorporate a cryptanalyst that selects plaintext or cipher text on the basis of previous results. Side channel attacks can also be utilized for data available in a mission critical workstation. These types of attacks extracts information associated with the physical deployment of cryptographic algorithm along with the hardware utilized for encrypting or decrypting data. These cryptographic methods mentioned earlier presume that access to plain text and ciph er text is available to cryptanalyst and often to both types of data along with a possibility of cryptographic algorithms. Moreover, a side channel attack initiated by the hacker can expand its scope such as CPU cycles utilize or time taken for

Substandard Patient Care or Health Care Delivery Paper Essay

Substandard Patient Care or Health Care Delivery Paper - Essay Example Five years later, since his last admission due to Upper respiratory infection, he was again admitted for three days due to URI accompanied with Rheumatoid Arthritis and in the month of September 2005, he was treated for Gastritis. Anywhere around the world, there seemed to be an outbreak of Respiratory infections which includes viruses such as the influenza virus, SARS, and now the avian flu virus. Respiratory illness is a common chronic health problem and places a significant financial burden on the health care system. Respiratory symptoms are significantly higher among poorer children, those in the inner city, and among minority populations. Immigrants from outside North America and Europe constitute over twenty percent of Metro Toronto residents, yet relatively little is known about their experience of respiratory illness. (Thompson et. Al. 2004) There have been many organizations that focus on the needs of the ill older adults. NHS organisations in England recognises the importance of the NSF for Older People and the emerging practice and policies related to this, such as Intermediate Care, the single assessment process, the 1999 Health Act Flexibilities and has responded by re-focusing its activity to realign more closely with the local and national priorities. (2005) Published in 2001, this NSF focuses on people who are over 50 and still active but who need to be able to maximise and maintain their health as well as people with age related needs who may have more complex social and medical problems. (2005) The Department of Health, Services and Social Safety applies palliative care services which aims to achieve the best quality of life possible for patients and their family through active identification, holistic assessment and appropriate management of problems, when progressive advanced disease is not responsive to curative treatment.(29) There are over a half million older adult aged 65 or over who are living in care homes (nursing and personal care) and a large number end their lives in these care settings. Unfortunately, care homes can only provide appropriate terminal care if barriers to the provision of care are addressed. The National Council for Hospice and Specialist Palliative Care Services (NCH&SPCS) holds documents containing practice recommendations and therefore, the provision of appropriate terminal care makes the process of dying more comfortable and meaningful for a person and their family. Nightingale's (1860) theory on nursing evolves around the concept that the patient's recovery is highly related to the conditions of his environment. The environment of a patient has a direct effect on his recovery or his deterioration. According to Nightingale, "Nature alone cures." With that she stresses on the healing properties of the physical environment of the patient; fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness and a suitable diet. The environment not only refers to the physical aspect but also to the psychological and social environment surrounding the patient. Healthy communication with the patient and healthy environment keeps the patient's mind active and stimulated. Here Nightingale stresses that communication should be soothing and a form of